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USS Dolphin (SS-169)
USS ''Dolphin'' (SF-10/SC-3/SS-169), a submarine and one of the "V-boats", was the sixth ship of the United States Navy to be named for that aquatic mammal. She also bore the name ''V-7'' and the classifications SF-10 and SC-3 prior to her commissioning. She was launched on 6 March 1932 by the Portsmouth Navy Yard, sponsored by Mrs. E.D. Toland, and commissioned on 1 June 1932 with Lieutenant John B. Griggs, Jr.〔Griggs would replace Gin Styer as chief of staff to ComSubPac Admiral Robert H. English. Blair, Clay, Jr. ''Silent Victory'' (New York: Bantam, 1976), pp.249 & 368.〕 in command.
==Design==
''Dolphin'' was the penultimate design in the V-boat series. With a length of and a displacement only a little more than half that of the previous three large cruiser submarines ( surfaced, submerged), ''Dolphin'' was clearly an attempt to strike a happy medium between those latter submarines and earlier ''S''-class submarines, which were little more than large coastal boats. The general arrangement of propulsion machinery was identical to that of ''V-5'' and ''V-6'', but even with a surface displacement of only 1,718 tons, ''Dolphin''′s scaled-down main engines—rated at each—could only just deliver the surface speed of the larger ships, and her endurance and torpedo load-out were much reduced. The torpedo armament was six 21 inch (533 mm) tubes (4 bow, 2 stern), with 18 torpedoes. A 4 inch (102 mm)/50 caliber deck gun was equipped. Interestingly, ''Dolphins size and weight were nearly ideal for the range and duration of the war patrols that became customary in the Pacific during World War II, and the war-time ''Gato'', ''Balao'', and ''Tench'' classes had similar dimensions.〔(Whitman, Edward C. "The Navy's Variegated V-Class: Out of One, Many?" ''Undersea Warfare'', Fall 2003, Issue 20 )〕
The engine specifications were two BuEng-built, MAN-designed direct-drive 6-cylinder 4-stroke diesel engines, each,〔〔''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' p. 259〕 with two BuEng MAN 4-cycle 6-cylinder auxiliary diesel engines, each, driving electrical generators.〔〔〔Alden, John D., Commander, USN (retired). ''The Fleet Submarine in the U.S. Navy'' (Annapolis, MD: Naval Institute Press, 1979), pp. 210-211.〕 The auxiliary engines were for charging batteries or for increased surface speed via a diesel-electric system providing power to the main electric motors. Unusually for the V-boats, ''Dolphins engines were never replaced.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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